Proper lifting technique primarily aims to minimize loading stresses on which part of the body?

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The aim in proper lifting is to protect the spine by transferring the load to the legs. Keeping the spine in a neutral position and using the large muscles of the legs to do the heavy work minimizes bending moments and compressive stress on the lower back. If you lift with a rounded or overly flexed back, the lower back bears most of the load and is where injuries are most likely. By hinging at the hips and knees, keeping the load close, and driving up with the legs while keeping the back straight, you reduce stress on the lower back. The ankles, knees, and shoulders participate, but protecting the lower back is the main priority.